FARAIDH AND ITS CORRELATION WITH MATHEMATICS CONCEPTS IN LIFE

Faraidh is one of the sciences that every Muslim must know. This is evidenced by the existence of arguments regarding this knowledge in the Qur'an. Meanwhile, in the division and calculations, another science tool is needed, namely mathematics as a companion. So the purpose of this study is to describe Faraidh and its correlation with mathematical concepts in life. The method used is descriptive qualitative with a literature study approach, then the data collection uses documentation techniques and is analyzed and finally concluded. The results of the study show that Faraidh Science has a very close relationship with Mathematical Concepts so that it produces fractions consisting for commonly known as alfurudhul muqoddaroh for each heir.


INTRODUCTION
Al-Qur'an is a guideline and source of Islamic teachings which contains everything that exists in this world and the hereafter.Al-Qur'an is the essence of all science.Apart from that, the Qur'an is also an official guideline and is interesting material for Muslims to study (Nurhuda et al., 2023).One of the general sciences that are related to the Al-Qur'an is mathematics (Aminah & Yazidah, 2018).
Many discoveries and research by mathematicians show that the Qur'an contains mathematical knowledge such as the number of days in a week, the number of days in a year, and so on.The application of mathematics in everyday life is a system of inheritance.
The science of faraidh is the study of the transfer of property from dead people to living people.Where the moment of life will be determined by several questions such as what I live for, where is my life's purpose and so on (Princess & Nurhuda, 2023).Meanwhile, the law of inheritance in the Compilation of Islamic Law is contained in Article 171 explaining the law governing the transfer of inheritance of the heir and determining who is entitled to receive the inheritance and so on (Hazairin, 1993).The discussion of inheritance in Islamic law is important because it affects every property and inheritance of the heir.Given this very important inheritance issue, Allah SWT regulates and confirms it in the Qur'an.This is intended to guarantee legal certainty regarding the rights of each heir to their respective shares.Just as in the law on bank guarantees there is a share between the investor and the money saver, so there is also a share in inheritance (Hasan & Nurhuda, 2023).
The distribution of inheritance in a fair manner by applicable laws and regulations is the main thing in the inheritance process.In simple terms, the heir can be interpreted as an heir who at the time of death leaves assets to people who are still alive.While the heir is a family member of a deceased person who replaces the position of the heir in the field of wealth law due to the death of the heir.The family itself usually consists of a father, mother, and children who aim to build a household so that it is sakinah mawadah warohmah (Nurhuda, 2023a).Inheritance law is the law governing the transfer of assets left by someone who dies and the consequences for the heirs.The distribution of inheritance has been stipulated in the Qur'an in a qath'i manner for sons, daughters, fathers, mothers, wives, husbands, and others, each portion has been determined.The distribution of inheritance obtained by the heirs differs from one another.
The rules regarding inheritance have been established by Allah through His words in the Qur'an in Surah An-Nisa' verse 11: Meaning: Allah prescribes (obliges) you regarding (the distribution of inheritance for) your children, (namely) the share of a son is equal to that of two daughters.146) If the children are all girls whose number is more than two, their share two-thirds of the treasure left behind.If she (the daughter) is only one, she gets half (the property left behind).For both parents, each share is one-sixth of the assets left behind, if he (the deceased) has children.If he (the deceased) has no children and he is inherited by both parents (only), his mother gets one-third.If he (the deceased) had several brothers, his mother got one-sixth.(The inheritance is divided) after (fulfilled) the will he made or (and paid off) the debt.
(About) your parents and your children, you do not know which of them is of more benefit to you.This is Allah's decree.Verily, Allah is All-Knowing, All-Wise.(surah an-Nisa'/4: 34).
In surah An-Nisa's verse 11 it is explained that the determination of parts for heirs uses a mathematical concept, namely fractional numbers.Fractional numbers are numbers that form with in an integer and not are equal to zero (Pusfitasari & Hartoyo, 2019).The number of fractions in surah Faraidh And Its Correlation … Farah Rahmatika Putri, Faizul Muna & Abid Nurhuda An-Nisa verse 11 is two-thirds (Tsulasa), half (nisf), one-sixth (Sudus), and one-third (tsulu) (Ilfiani, 2021).
Studying the science of faraidh in Islam has its law, namely fardu kifayah which means it is not considered fardhu ain (Nurhuda, 2023b).The obligation to learn and teach faraidh knowledge will fall if there is one person who carries it out.If no one does it then all the people will bear the sin, of neglecting the obligation.The purpose of studying faraidh science is to avoid disputes over assets left by the heir to the heirs.And the heirs get the fairest share.In this scientific article, the author will discuss faraidh and the mathematical concepts used and examples of their applications.

RESEARCH METHODS
This research is qualitative research which includes a type of literature study.Namely, research that focuses on research on journals, books, magazines, newspapers, and other literature that is considered supportive and conducts studies and searches on relevant themes (Nurhuda, 2021).This research uses an integration-interconnection approach in which it combines, collaborates, and connects two or more disciplines so that the two disciplines synergize with each other (Masyitoh, 2020).The primary data source is the Al-Qur'an and secondary sources are journals, books, and proceedings related to the topic.The data collection technique used is observation and documentation, namely observing and recording it in mind (Nurhuda, 2022a).While the analysis technique used in this research is content analysis (Idris, 2021) The steps: collecting data-reducing data-presenting data-conclusions descriptively.

Concept of Mathematics and Faraidh
Umar bin Khattab said, "Learn the science of faraidh because it is part of your religion".The science of faraid is one of the most important disciplines in Islam to study.In faraidh science, there is a mathematical concept, namely the concept of rational numbers or fractions.Of course, rational is related to reason, not to the soul or heart (Nurhuda, 2022b).A rational number is a number expressed as the ratio of two integers , written with the provision of .These rational numbers are often referred to as ordinary fractions (Musetyo, 2007).
A person is deemed entitled to receive an inheritance if there is a relationship with the deceased in the following three cases: 1. Lineage relationship 1. Surah An-Nisa' verse 11 (The inheritance is divided) after (fulfilled) the will he made or (and paid off) the debt.(About) your parents and your children, you do not know which of them is of more benefit to you.This is Allah's decree.Verily, Allah is All-Knowing, All-Wise.(surah an-Nisa'/4: 34).

husbands) half of the property is left by your wives if they do not have children. If they (your wives) have children, you get a quarter of the assets left by them after (fulfilling) the will they made or (and after paying) their debts. For them (wives) a quarter of what you leave if you don't have children. If you have children, for them (the wives) one-eighth of the property that you left behind
(after being fulfilled) the will that you made, or (and after being paid) your debts.If a person, both male and female dies without leaving father and children but has a brother (Seibu) or a sister (Seibu), each of the two types of siblings is one-sixth of the treasure.However, if there is more than one of them (the mother's siblings), they will share that one-third share, after (fulfilling a will) made or (and after Faraidh And Its Correlation … Farah Rahmatika Putri, Faizul Muna & Abid Nurhuda paying) the debt without causing trouble (heirs).Such is God's provision.Allah is  3. Surah An-Nisa' verse 176 Meaning: They ask you for a fatwa (about kalālah).that he left.As for his brother, he inherits (all of his sister's assets) if he does not have children.However, if there are two sisters, for both of them twothirds of the inheritance is left.If they (the heirs consist of) several brothers and sisters, the share of one brother is equal to that of two sisters.Allah explains (this law) to you so that you do not go astray.
In surah, An-Nisa' Allah SWT explains in detail how many parts of each heir or what is called al-furuudh al-muqaddarah namely .
There are fifteen male heirs, namely: 1. Obtain ing single and do not have children from the deceased 2. Obtain more than one and do not have a deceased child.
3. Obtain when with one daughter.
4. 'Ashabah bi al-ghair when with grandson, 5. Magnificent(obstructed) if you are with a deceased son or more than one daughter.
g) The biological sister has five states: 1. Obtain ing single and do not have children and father.
2. Obtain ing more than one and do not have children and a father.
3. Obtainasabah ma'a al-ghair when with girls.1. Obtain ing more than one and do not have children and a father.
2. Obtain when alone and do not have children and father.
j) Father has 3 states: 1. Obtain ing there is a boy 2. Obtain plus the rest when with girls 3. Obtaining ashabah when there are no children All male heirs other than those mentioned above are entitled to the remainder.
In the case of faraidh, when the result of the sum of furudhul muqoddroh heirs produces a fraction whose numerator exceeds the denominator, the term 'aul' appears.'Aul is to enlarge the denominator so that it is equal to the numerator.Conversely, if the result of the sum of furudhul muqodddah heirs results in the numerator is less than the denominator, the term radd appears.Radd is reducing the denominator so that it is equal to the numerator (Abdussakir, 2009).
For example, a person dies leaving a husband and two siblings.So, the husband's share is ½ and the sister's share is 2 .Then all the parts are added up and we get .Because the numerator is greater than the denominator, 'aul is used, the denominator becomes 7. Thus, the husband share s the second part of the sister-to-be (Muniri, 2016).
(because there are children) and girls get a share .Further added and we get .In this case, we will apply radd so that the denominator becomes 4. The mother part is and the daughter's share becomes (Muniri, 2016).

Examples of Application of Mathematical Concepts in Faraidh
The following discussion is an illustration of an example of inheritance distribution and its stages.In the research conductedPusfitasari & by Hartoyo (2019)The distribution of inheritance has stages, namely before the distribution of inheritance and the process of dividing inheritance.Fulfilling their rights: 1) Pay hospital fees, if the heir is sick.
4) Execute the will.

The concept of addition and subtraction operations on integers
The process of dividing the inheritance 1) Calculating the inheritance that exists after the fulfillment of the rights of the heir.
3) Determine the share of the heirs 4) Calculate the amount of assets for each part of the heirs.

Share one boy and one girl
For each inheritance left behind, sons and daughters receive the remaining portion and also the entire inheritance if there are no other heirs.Before carrying out the distribution of Islamic inheritance law, first, look for the origin of the problem.For example, in this case, there are no heirs other than a son and a daughter so all the inheritance belongs to them.The inheritance left behind is IDR 3,000,000.00.The origin of the problem is one share of girls and two parts of boys.The next example is supposed that the inheritance of Rp. 240,000,000.00will be distributed to the heirs, namely a father, mother, and 2 sons.Therefore, the share for each father and mother , while the rest for his two children for each of his children gets .So the calculation is as follows: Another example, let's say an inheritance in rupiah worth IDR 240,000,000.00which is then distributed among the experts, including a wife, father, mother, and 2 sons.Then the share is for the wife , father, and mother respectively , while the rest is for her two children.By equating the denominator, the share for the wife is obtained , for the father and mother respectively , while the rest is for her two children.The next example is a husband dies leaving heirs consisting of a wife, a mother, a son, and 2 daughters.Total assets are IDR 300,000,000.00.Of this amount, Rp. 50,000,000.00 was inherited before marriage.The corpse has a debt of IDR 10,000,000.00 and a will for infaq IDR 5,000,000.00and for caring for the corpse IDR 7,000,000.00.So, the division of inheritance is done mathematically as follows.
1.The deceased's estate is half of the total joint assets + innate assets, that is while the remaining Rp. 125,000,000.00 is the right of the wife who is still alive, not inherited.
2. The assets left by the corpse Rp. 175,000,000.00minus debts, wills, and funerals to become .
Inheritance share property: wife , Mother , and the rest for the child.

2 .
Marital relationship (husband or wife) 3. Relationship wala' (liberation from slavery) The above criteria are limited by some things below: a.Not the murder of the heir b.Not slaves or slaves c.No different religion d.Don't die together Pay attention to the following verses related to inheritance in the Qur'an in surah An-Nisa's verses 11, 12, and 176.
‫ك‬ َ ‫ح‬ ُ Meaning: Allah prescribes (obliges) you regarding (the distribution of inheritance for) your children, (ie) the share of a son is equal to the share of two daughters.If the children are all girls with more than two in number, their share is two-thirds of the assets left behind.If she (the daughter) is only one, she gets half (the property left behind).For both parents, each share is one-sixth of the assets left behind, if he (the deceased) has children.If he (the deceased) has no children and he is inherited by both parents (only), his mother gets one-third.If he (the deceased) had several brothers, his mother got one-sixth.
sons are 2 times that of daughters.So for the boys .Meanwhile, each daughter gets IDR 26,916,750/child.CONCLUSION From the description above, it can be said that Faraidh has a very close relationship with the Mathematical Concept where when one of the family members dies a calculation process is required with a numerical model to divide the inheritance.And that in Life, of course, makes it very easy because the two of them have a relationship so that they produce fractions consisting of what is commonly referred to as alfurudhul muqoddaroh in faraidh science.
Magnificent if with more than one son, father, siblings, siblings.
i) Siblings have two situations:

Table 2 .
2 Calculation of the division of Islamic inheritance law

Table 2 .
5 Calculation of inheritance distribution ah(or IDR 80,000,000.00/child) So the solution is,